Vertical transmission of Toxoplasma gondii associated with gestational age

Flores J.L.A.; Valentin Y.R.C. · Boletin de Malariologia y Salud Ambiental (2022) · DOI: 10.52808/bmsa.7e6.626.013

Resumen

One of the main consequences of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women is vertical transmission to the fetus. Although rare, congenital toxoplasmosis can cause serious neurological or ocular disease. Primary T. gondii infection during pregnancy can have dangerous consequences, including retinochoroiditis, hydrocephalus, cerebral calcifications, encephalitis, splenomegaly, hearing loss, blindness, and death. Prenatal care should include education on the prevention of toxoplasmosis. This is an observational, analytical and cross-sectional study. 209 pregnant women and the same number of newborns were evaluated; 136 of the pregnant women were acutely infected with IgM. Of these, 51.20% and 64.71% were primary infected according to the determination of IgA and IgG avidity, respectively. 20 of the 35 neonates from mothers with primary infection acquired the congenital infection in the third trimester of pregnancy. Awareness of toxoplasmosis prevention and control is low among high-risk populations. It is necessary to strengthen health education related to the prevention and control of toxoplasmosis in women of reproductive age to prevent vertical transmission to their gestational products and avoid the negative and even fatal effects of infection by the parasite.

Instituciones: Universidad Peruana Los Andes