Validation of a scale to measure compliance with preventive measures for COVID-19 in the population

Asenjo-Alarcón J.A.; Gonzales A.O. · Revista Cubana de Enfermeria (2021)

Resumen

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic is becoming more and more unpredictable and prevention is one of the most effective measures to counteract its impact, therefore valid and adequate instruments are required to assess its degree of compliance in the population. Objective: Validate a scale to measure compliance with preventive measures for COVID-19 in the population of four regions of northern Peru. Methods: Descriptive study of instrumental design. A scale was developed based on the bibliographic review of official sources on preventive measures of COVID 19, consisting of 14 items, which were validated by five specialists in public health, epidemiology and primary care, then a pilot test was applied in 279 people aged 18 years and over in Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad and Piura, the construct validity was carried out through exploratory factor analysis and the reliability was obtained with McDonald's ω. Results: The scale was made up of 13 items grouped into 2 dimensions: individual preventive measures (8 items) and preventive measures of social interaction (5 items), the exploratory factor analysis presented factor loadings greater than 0.40 and the accumulated variance of the two dimensions was 43.00%. The reliability of the global scale was 0.883; of the first dimension 0.845 and 0.791 of the second. Conclusions: The instrument is adequate and presents optimal construct validity and reliability that guarantee its application in different contexts to measure compliance with preventive measures for COVID-19 in the population.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Chota