UHPLC-ESI-MSMS and toxicity of Caesalpinia spinosa, coffe waste and coffee pulp in Artemia franciscana as an exploration for anti cancer food formulation

Marín-Tello C.; Marín-Cacho F.; Villafana-Medina H.; Guevara-Vásquez A.; Castañeda-Marín E.; León-Burgos G.; Vásquez-Arqueros A.; Zelada-Castillo L.; Sánchez-Marín C.; Malpartida-Tello V.; de Albuquerque R.D.; Vásquez-Kool J.; Vieira A. · Boletin Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromaticas (2026) · DOI: 10.37360/blacpma.26.25.4.41

Resumen

Brine shrimp lethality assays are commonly used to evaluate the toxicity of substances with potential anticancer applications. In this study, metabolites from Caesalpinia spinosa berries, coffee pulp, and spent coffee grounds (French press, Coffea arabica) were characterized using phytochemical screening and UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. Toxicity was assessed in Artemia franciscana following the CDCM061312 protocol, and LC50 values were interpreted according to CYTED toxicity scales. A total of 45 metabolites were identified, including organic acids, hydrolyzable tannins, phenolic acids, isoflavones, methylxanthines, and flavonoids, many associated with reported anticancer activity. Caesalpinia spinosa extract showed high toxicity (LC50 = 86.77 μg/mL), coffee pulp moderate toxicity (LC50 = 173.53 μg/mL), and spent coffee grounds relative safety (LC50 = 141,132.40 μg/mL). These findings suggest that coffee by-products and Caesalpinia spinosa may serve as promising raw materials for developing functional foods with potential anticancer properties.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional de Trujillo; Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego