Toward Context-Appropriate Feed Processing in Aquaculture: Evidence From a Meta-Analysis of Extrusion and Pelleting

Kovac Z.; Green Bayeto S.; Castro Nole B.E.; Donayre Donayre B.A.; Tovar Lopez M.S.; Espinoza Pardo C. · Aquaculture Research (2026) · DOI: 10.1155/are/5476546

Resumen

Feed processing technology choice between extrusion and pelleting remains a critical decision in aquaculture nutrition. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 40 comparisons from 23 studies to evaluate the growth performance effects of extruded versus pelleted feeds. While conventional random-effects models indicated an overall benefit of extruded feeds (Hedges’ g = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.49–1.45), extreme heterogeneity (I2 > 99%), and a nonsignificant multilevel model accounting for study dependencies (g = 0.53, p = 0.075) revealed context-dependent effects. Meta-regression identified species identity as the primary moderator, explaining 62.1% of heterogeneity. Nutritional composition was also significant: dietary lipid content improved growth, while higher ash content in extruded diets reduced efficacy. These findings demonstrate that feed processing outcomes are not technology-inherent but are mediated by species-specific biology and nutritional interactions. Optimal feed selection should, therefore, prioritize integrated consideration of species requirements and nutritional formulation over processing method alone. Copyright