The factors associated with high blood pressure in peruvian adults

Gomez Rutti Y.Y.; Del Rocio Gordillo Cortaza J. · Nutricion Clinica y Dietetica Hospitalaria (2025) · DOI: 10.12873/454gomez-rutti

Resumen

Introduction: High blood pressure has become the main risk factor attributable to loss of life years and disability, which is why prevention and substantial lifestyle changes are necessary. Objective: To identify the factors associated with high blood pressure in Peruvian adults based on data from ENDES 2024. Methods: Quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach; this is a secondary analysis of the database from the 2024 National Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES). The sample consisted of 2,031 Peruvian adults between the ages of 18 and 59, comprising 64.6% (n = 1,312) women and 35.4% (n = 719) men (aged 18-60). Sociodemographic variables (age, sex), anthropometric variables, consumption habits (fruit, vegetables, alcohol, tobacco), and self-reported diagnosis of high blood pressure were included. Spearman’s test and binary logistic regression were performed using SPSS 27 software, applying a significance level of p<0.05. Results: Smoking (OR = 2.454; p < 0.001) and alcohol consumption (OR = 1.601; p = 0.001) significantly increased the risk of high blood pressure, while frequent consumption of fruit juices showed a modest protective effect (OR = 0.809; p = 0.045). Conclusions: The study showed that age, alcohol consumption, and smoking are factors that significantly increase the risk of high blood pressure, while fruit juice consumption is associated with a slight reduction in risk.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle