Ten-Year Follow-up of 9-Valent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine: Immunogenicity, Effectiveness, and Safety

Restrepo J.; Herrera T.; Samakoses R.; Reina J.C.; Pitisuttithum P.; Ulied A.; Bekker L.-G.; Moreira E.D., Jr.; Olsson S.-E.; Block S.L.; Hammes L.S.; Laginha F.; Ferenczy A.; Kurman R.; Ronnett B.M.; Stoler M.; Bautista O.; Gallagher N.E.; Salituro G.; Ye M.; Luxembourg A. · Pediatrics (2023) · DOI: 10.1542/peds.2022-060993

Resumen

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The 9-valent human papillomavirus (9vHPV) vaccine Phase III immu-nogenicity study in 9- to 15-year-old boys and girls was extended to assess immunogenicity and effectiveness through 10 years after the last vaccine dose (NCT00943722). METHODS: Boys (n 5 301) and girls (n 5 971) who received three 9vHPV vaccine doses in the base study (day 1, months 2 and 6) enrolled in the extension. Serum was collected through month 126 for antibody assessments by competitive Luminex immunoassay and immunoglobulin G-Luminex immunoassay. For effectiveness analysis starting at age 16 years, genital swabs were collected (to assess HPV DNA by polymerase chain reaction) and external genital examinations conducted every 6 months. Primary analyses were conducted in per-protocol populations. RESULTS: Geometric mean antibody titers peaked around month 7, decreased sharply between months 7 and 12, then gradually through month 126. Seropositivity rates remained $81% by competitive Luminex immunoassay and $95% by immunoglobin G-Luminex immunoassay at month 126 for each 9vHPV vaccine type. After up to 11.0 (median 10.0) years of follow-up postdose 3, there were no cases of HPV6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58-related high-grade in-traepithelial neoplasia or condyloma in males or females. Incidence rates of HPV6/11/16/18/ 31/33/45/52/58-related 6-month persistent infection in males and females were low (54.6 and 52.4 per 10000 person-years, respectively) and within ranges expected in vaccinated cohorts, based on previous human papillomavirus vaccine efficacy trials. CONCLUSIONS: The 9vHPV vaccine demonstrated sustained immunogenicity and effectiveness through Ȉ10 years post 3 doses of 9vHPV vaccination of boys and girls aged 9 to 15 years.