Technological Coefficient to Improve Research Development and Innovation Factors in the World

Santos R.; Santos P.; Sharan P.; Rodriguez C. · Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems (2023) · DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-1912-3_16

Resumen

The new concept to measure snowfall and sophistication examines the relationship of the Technological Coefficient (T); the variables are grouped into three dimensions: Education and training, snowfall; and institutional strength. The analyzed population corresponds to 116 countries. 158 variables per country were collected for ten years. For the analysis, information from The dataset of Global Competitiveness Index Historical 2008–2018 of the World Economic Forum was used, with index, coefficient values, country codes, global id, identified series, and treatments (Income Groups, Regions, and Forum Ranking). A quantitative approach with descriptive, correlational, deductive, inductive, analytical, and synthetic methods were used such as hypothesis testing, linear regression analysis, ANOVA, PCA, univariate variance, and eta square. The T coefficient positive correlation with Innovation and sophistication factors (F = 5.202.18; Sig =.000), was able to reduce the error by 98%; and it served to evaluate the three treatments analyzed. The means of the income groups differ significantly, F(1,344) = 8.83, p < 001, η2 = 0.07 for the dependent variable of the Technological Coefficient (T). In addition, the means of the Regions differ significantly, F(1,341) = 7.99, p < 001, η2 = 0.12. The value of Eta squared indicated a large effect of income groups and Regions on the T coefficient. This analysis confirmed the power of the T coefficient to identify the countries that maximize innovation and the sophistication of their markets.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal