Systematic Review on the implementation of photovoltaic systems in rural areas without electrical services in Latin America

Luis Celinny Carpio-Terrazos F.; Lucero Choque-Yarasca C.; Oriele Castillo-Siguas E.; Gimenez-Lopez B.; Veronica Godoy-Laurente L. · Proceedings of the LACCEI international Multi-conference for Engineering, Education and Technology (2025) · DOI: 10.18687/laccei2025.1.1.717

Resumen

The study aims to examine the impact of photovoltaic systems in rural areas without access to electricity in Latin America. This will provide a basis for informed decisions and effective policies to promote sustainable development in the region. A systematic literature review was conducted using the PICOC strategy to formulate questions on quality of life, environmental impact, economic benefits and sustainable development. Databases such as Scopus were used and rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. The selection process followed the PRISMA methodology to ensure completeness and objectivity. The results showed that more studies on photovoltaic systems were published between 2020 and 2024. Brazil is the leading country in terms of number of research studies, followed by Colombia, Bolivia, Ecuador, Argentina, Mexico and Peru. The results show that solar energy has enabled the expansion of energy coverage, reduced carbon emissions and fostered economic development by boosting agricultural, commercial and tourism activities. In addition, it was identified that, although the initial investment in solar panels remains a barrier, the operational and maintenance costs are significantly lower in the long term. However, the need for affordable financing strategies, recycling programmes for solar components and technical training to ensure the sustainability of these systems is highlighted. In conclusion, PV represents a viable solution for rural electrification, but its long-term success will depend on the policy implemented in the countries.

Instituciones: Universidad Tecnológica del Perú