Systematic Review: Hydrogen Generation Technologies Using Solar Energy

Edwar V.-A.; Alexander P.T.; Karla M.M.; Alberto L. · Proceedings of the LACCEI international Multi-conference for Engineering, Education and Technology (2024) · DOI: 10.18687/laccei2024.1.1.1233

Resumen

Hydrogen stands out as the primary energy carrier for transitioning towards renewable energy systems, being versatile in applications previously reliant on fossil fuels. Although current production mostly stems from non-renewable sources like coal and natural gas, its increasing demand raises environmental and resource depletion concerns. The aim of this systematic review is to identify and analyze the best hydrogen (H2) generation technologies through the capture and utilization of solar energy, overcoming current limitations associated with pollution and dependence on non-renewable materials. To achieve this, PICO questions were employed to obtain keywords. Additionally, using the PRISMA method and established inclusion and exclusion criteria, 50 open-access articles were selected from Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases. The results compiled various hydrogen production technologies, categorized as renewable and non-renewable depending on the resource used. It was demonstrated that the level and cost of production vary depending on the type of source employed. In conclusion, solid oxide electrolyzer (SOE) technology integrated with concentrated solar heater and photovoltaic systems (CSH-PV) proves most efficient for hydrogen generation, with a production cost of $1.82 per kg of H2. Conversely, utilizing non-renewable resources, the most efficient system was the coal hydrogen production process (PCC), reaching a cost of $1.65 to $2.2 per kg due to the low cost of its inputs.

Instituciones: Universidad Tecnológica del Perú