Surge Protection Against Lightning in a 33 kV Transmission Line

Videla J.; Ito C.; Limache A. · Proceedings of the 2025 IEEE 32nd International Conference on Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computing, INTERCON 2025 (2025) · DOI: 10.1109/intercon67304.2025.11244627

Resumen

Overvoltages caused by lightning strikes are one of the main sources of failure in electric power distribution systems, especially in overhead lines that lack shield wires. This study evaluates the vulnerability of a 33 kV line segment without lightning protection or shield wires, through the simulation of a detailed electrical model of direct lightning strikes. It was identified that lightning currents as low as 3 kA can cause disruptive discharges (flashovers) on phase conductors. As a mitigation measure, surge arresters were installed between towers 009 and 018, thus preventing the propagation of the lightning wave. Simulation results showed that, with this solution, the line can withstand lightning currents of up to 76 kA without producing flashover, representing a 91% probability of not exceeding the failure threshold. Furthermore, the use of surge arresters avoids the need to install shield wires, which would be costly and structurally complex in existing lines. Overall, the study confirms the effectiveness of strategically placed surge arresters as a technical and economic solution to improve service continuity under severe atmospheric conditions.