Sumaq Wasi, Analysis of the experience in bioclimatic social housing in Andean areas of southern Peru

Cárdenas-Gómez J.C.; Chuquitaype M.A.M. · ZEMCH International Conference (2023)

Resumen

The rural territories of southern Peru above 3800 meters in the Andes mountain range are the highest inhabited places on the planet, with a very cold climate (reaching -15°C in winter), extreme solar radiation and high poverty rates. In 2020, the Peruvian government began a national rural housing program called "Sumaq Wasi"using two types of housing that would be built in those high areas to compensate for the lack of adequate bioclimatic and habitat requirements. One of these typologies was made of reinforced adobe (RA) and the other with confined masonry (CM). As case studies, two projects already built and inhabited in Puno (RA) and Arequipa (CM) have been analyzed using the MIVES method and the habitat concepts proposed by Joseph Maria Montaner to assess whether the objectives proposed by the project have been met in first instance. The rural housing program of the state has generated a great impact on the high Andean habitat, however, the present investigation has identified aspects to improve: How to adapt these modules to the climatic reality of each altitudinal floor of the Peruvian highlands, optimize isolation strategies thermal protection of roofs and walls, promote reinforced adobe modules in communities far removed from commercial centers for industrialized materials, also project mechanisms of reinforcement in the social dynamics that can modernize the traditions inherent to the artisan manufacturing process of adobe. To this we must add the possibility of improving the typological design to enable habitability and thermal comfort by users, respecting the criteria of spatial appropriation of each cultural fabric.

Instituciones: Universidad Católica San Pablo