Socioeconomic and productive disparity in child stunting in the central andes of Peru, taking as a model the community of Tunanmarca, Jauja

Castro-Bedriñana J.; Chirinos-Peinado D.; Ríos E.R. · Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems (2020) · DOI: 10.25046/aj050318

Resumen

The differences of stunting through socio-economic and productive indicators in high Andean community of Peru were evaluated (11°42'58.16" S, 75°37'31.13" W, altitude 3470 m). Cross-sectional study in 52 mothers with children under 5 years old was carried. A validated nutritional survey was applied. Z-scores height for age and nutritional status were determined using anthropometric methods and WHO criteria. The prevalence of stunting was evaluated by maternal educational level, food and health practices, economic level and family food production. Chi-square tests and Spearman correlations were performed in order to establish associations to P <0.05. Prevalence of stunting was 44.2%. The factors associated with stunting (P <0.05) were: Do not use gas for cooking (r=0.530), weekly economic income <50.00 dollars (r=0.503), weekly expenditure on family food <31.00 dollars (r=0.648), per capita/day expenditure on food <1.10 dollars (r=0.591), mother without studies (r=0.454), no own home ownership (r=0.413), consumption of food before 6 months old (r=0.410), low frequency of quinoa consumption (r=0.423), and fish (r=0.421), presence of childhood anemia (r=0.407); inadequate venting of smoke in the kitchen (r=0.491), not having soap for personal hygiene (r=0.413) and not having a bathroom (r=0.413). Stunting is associated with various socioeconomic, productive and access factors to food. These results demonstrate socio-economic and productive disparities for stunting in rural high Andean areas of central Peru, taking as a model the community of Tunanmarca in Jauja.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú