Social determinants of covid-19 mortality: The Peruvian case

Zea-Montesinos C.C.; Pacovilca-Alejo O.V.; Pacovilca-Alejo G.S.; Almeida-Galindo J.S.; Zagaceta-Guevara Z.; Millán-Camposano H.V.; Quispe-Ilanzo M.P.; Oyola-García A.E. · Revista Habanera de Ciencias Medicas (2023)

Resumen

Introduction: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been very different in terms of morbidity and mortality, even among those territories with similar socioeconomic conditions and political backgrounds. Objective: To identify social determinants of socio-geographic inequality from COVID-19 mortality in Peru during the first year of pandemic. Material and Methods: Observational ecological research, based on the secondary analysis of mortality by COVID-19 during the year 2020 in the subnational governments of Peru. Results: The percentage of the population registered with social security was the only variable with statistical significance (t=2.921; p=0.008) that explained GMR due to COVID-19 (F=21.360; p=0.000). Adequate employment was the only variable with statistical significance (t=3.018; p=0.006) that explained SMR due to COVID-19 (F=18.910; p=0.000). The excess GMR and SMR due to COVID-19 amounted to 227.93 and 138.76 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants along the social gradient determined by the population enrolled in social security and those with adequate employment, respectively. Conclusions: The percentage of the economically active population with adequate employment, which is mainly under the social security, would have been the social determinant of the socio-gepgrphic inequality in COVID-19 mortality between the different subnational governments of Peru during the first year of the pandemic.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga; Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica; Universidad Continental