Social characteristics of peruvian citizenship and their influence on the perception of governance, democracy and transparency in Peru

Mamani-Flores A.; Calatayud-Mendoza A.P.; Apaza-Ticona J.; Alanoca-Arocutipa V.; Calderón-Torres A.; Villanueva-Alvaro N.S.; Barra-Quispe D.E. · Revista Brasileira de Politicas Publicas (2025) · DOI: 10.5102/rbpp.v15i2.10084

Resumen

The crisis of governance, deficient democracy, public distrust in institutions, weak legitimacy and lack of transparency represent a threat to political stability and social development. In Peru, these problems are aggravated by political polarization and lack of transparency. The objective was to identify the influence of socio-economic characteristics, such as the condition of monetary poverty, economic income, age, level of education and the area of residence of citizens on the perception of governance, democracy and transparency. The research methodology was hypothetical - deductive, which was used to verify the hypotheses using the multinomial logit econometric model and the chi-square test, the unit of analysis was citizens 18 years of age and older; the source of information was the database of the National Household Survey (ENAHO) of the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI), period 2014 to 2021. Questions about governance, democracy, and transparency are based on perception or opinion. The results show that the socioeconomic characteristics of the citizen influenced the perception of governance, democracy and transparency. Citizens living in poverty are those who have little or no trust in State institutions, while those citizens with a greater poverty gap, with a higher level of education and residence in urban areas, have a significant decrease in their trust (p<0.05). This implies that state institutions show weakness and loss of legitimacy, there is a crisis of governability accompanied by little government transparency.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional del Altiplano