SELF-CARE IN DIABETES: THE INFLUENCE OF EUSTRESS, DISTRESS, AND SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS

Maldonado-Huarilloclla F.; Ramos-Vargas L.F. · Horizonte de Enfermeria (2026) · DOI: 10.7764/horiz_enferm.97472

Resumen

INTRODUCTION.Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) accounts 90% of global cases and affects 5.1% of Peruvians over the age of 15. Successful treatment requires therapeutic adherence, which is influenced by psychosocial factors such as stress. OBJECTIVE. To determine the predictive value of perceived stress dimensions (eustress and distress) and sociodemographic variables on treatment adherence in patients with T2DM. METHOD. A cross-sectional correlational-predictive study was conducted with 121 participants from Puno, Peru (Medad = 56.9; DE = 9.59). The Global Perceived Stress Scale and the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) were used. Multiple linear regression and robust regression (M-estimation) analyses were performed. RESULTS. The model explained 24.4% of the total variance (F(10, 106) = 3.415; p < 0.001). Eustress was a significant positive predictor (β = 0,050, p = 0,005), whereas the interaction between male sex and single status showed lower adherence compared to married women (β =-2.51, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS. Eustress emerges as a key factor in treatment adherence. Single men constitute the most vulnerable group, while physical activity showed the lowest adherence levels, highlighting the need for personalized interventions based on sociodemographic profiles.

Instituciones: Universidad Católica de Santa María