SAmMD: The South American mineral deposit database

Ferreira da Silva G.; Gozalvez M.R.; Marchena A.A.; Rodrigues da Silva A.D.; Aguila Aravena B.I.; Rodriguez D.J.; Linares E.; Gallardo Vargas E.F.; Pinzon Rivas F.D.; Aguilera G.L.; Rondon Muñoz J.A.; Turra J.M.; Sepulveda Ospina M.J.; Casallas M.G.; Larcher N.; Arrighetti R.; Torres V.R.; Garcia V.G. · Journal of South American Earth Sciences (2025) · DOI: 10.1016/j.jsames.2025.105362

Resumen

The South American continent is rich in mineral resources, shaped by a complex geological history that includes Archean and Proterozoic terrains, Mesozoic, Phanerozoic basins, Cenozoic volcanism, and active orogenic processes. To improve understanding and management of these resources, we present the South American Mineral Deposit Database (SAmMD). This comprehensive digital database was developed through collaboration between geological surveys across South America, compiling standardized data on 1594 mineral deposits. The database includes key information such as geographic locations, commodity types, geological settings, and resource estimates when available. The SAmMD integrates a diverse range of mineral assets, focusing on significant commodities such as precious metals (e.g., gold, platinum), base metals (e.g., copper, zinc), and critical raw materials (e.g., lithium, nickel, rare earth elements). By structuring the data with geospatial coordinates and applying a unified classification system, the database provides a powerful tool for cross-border analysis of mineralization across the continent. The structured data enhances understanding of key mineral provinces such as the Brazilian Shield, Amazonian Craton, and the Andean Belt. This paper outlines the methodology used to compile, standardize, and validate the database, describing the fields included and the quality control measures applied. The SAmMD serves as a robust platform for guiding mineral exploration, informing economic policies, and advancing geological research. Its development is supported by regional collaboration in resource management and scientific discovery.