Revisiting the Factor Structure of the Ruminative Response Scale: a Bifactor Approach

Valencia P.D.; Paredes-Angeles R. · Trends in Psychology (2024) · DOI: 10.1007/s43076-022-00214-2

Resumen

Rumination is a relevant mechanism for experiencing depressive symptoms. To date, one of the most commonly used measures to assess rumination is the Ruminative Response Scale (RRS), which contains two dimensions: brooding and reflection. The current study aimed to examine the factorial structure and measurement invariance of a modified version of the RRS. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) were conducted. Also, we evaluated the relationship between the RRS, its dimensions, and the Beck Depression Inventory–II. Two samples of Peruvian college students were used (n1 = 1044 and n2 = 441). EFA and CFA provided greater support for a bifactor model rather than a two-factor model. MGCFA revealed that the bifactor model was not invariant according to sex. A structural equation model determined that brooding predicts depression better than reflection and global rumination. However, a significant negative association between reflection and depression was also observed in females. © Associação Brasileira de Psicologia 2022.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos