Retraction Note: Novel Niosome-Encapsulated 2,5-Diketopiperazine (BHPPD): Synthesis, Formulation, and Anti-breast Cancer Activity

Ghourchian H.; Pecho R.D.C.; Karimi-Dehkordi M.; Mazandarani A.; Ghajari G.; Piri-Gharaghie T. · Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology (2026) · DOI: 10.1007/s12010-026-05907-3

Resumen

The Editors-in-Chief have retracted this article. After publication, concerns were raised about some of the data in this article. Specifically, similarities were detected, between the Non-Treated AU-565 panel of Fig. 5 of this article and MDM-MB-468 Negative Control panel of Fig. 1C of [1]; between the F1 Formulation-Treated AU-565 panel of Fig. 5 of this article and MDM-MB-468 shlncRNA-AFAP1-AS1 panel of Fig. 1C of [1]; between portions of the Non-Treated AU-565 and Non-Treated MDA-MB-231 panels of Figure 5; between portions of the F1 Formulation-Treated AU-565 and F1 Formulation-Treated MDA-MB-231 panels of Fig. 5; between the BHPPD-Treated MCF-7-iP53 and BHPPD-treated MDA-MB-231 panels of Fig. 5; and between pairs of flow cytometry plots in the Control, F1 Formulation, and F2 Formulation rows of Figure 6. The Editors-in-Chief have therefore lost confidence in the data and conclusions of this article. The authors did not respond to correspondence from the Publisher about this retraction. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2026.

Instituciones: Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola