Retraction note: Does environment quality affect the health care spending? Nexus among CO2 emissions, non-renewable energy production, financial development, and health care spending (Environmental Science and Pollution Research, (2023), 30, 17, (48903-48910), 10.1007/s11356-023-26312-x)

Ramos-Meza C.S.; Flores-Arocutipa J.P.; Jinchuña-Huallpa J.; Corzo-Palomo E.E.; Gamero-Huarcaya V.K.; Gutiérrez-Acuña Y.; Valencia-Martinez J.C. · Environmental Science and Pollution Research (2026) · DOI: 10.1007/s11356-026-37714-y

Resumen

The Publisher has retracted this article in agreement with the Editor-in-Chief. An investigation by the publisher found a number of articles, including this one, with a number of concerns, including but not limited to compromised peer review process, inappropriate or irrelevant references, containing nonstandard phrases or not being in scope of the journal. Based on the investigation's findings the publisher, in consultation with the Editor-in-Chief therefore no longer has confidence in the results and conclusions of this article. Carlos Samuel Ramos-Meza has stated on behalf of all authors that they disagree with this retraction. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2026.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional de Moquegua; Universidad Andina del Cusco