Resilience of Microgrids to Extreme Weather Events: A Bibliometric Analysis and Review of Control Strategies (2016–2025)
Romero-Goytendia L.; Díaz-Aliaga J.; Velazco-Lorenzo D.; Loayza-Mejía E.; Piscoya-Silva U.; Santos-Mejía C.; Solís-Farfán R.; Vara-Sanchez J.; Morcillo-Valdivia P.; Rodríguez-Aburto C.; Arroyo-Paz A.; Bravo-Toledo L. · Energies (2026) · DOI: 10.3390/en19143241
Resumen
The increasing frequency of high-impact, low-probability climate events has highlighted the limitations of conventional reliability criteria, including N-1 planning assumptions, and the need for dynamic resilience architectures in electrical systems. This article analyzes the evolution, trends, and technological challenges associated with microgrid resilience under extreme-weather disruptions. The study adopts a hybrid research design that combines quantitative bibliometric mapping of 283 Scopus-indexed article records for 2016–2025 using CiteSpace version 7 with a structured technical synthesis of the selected literature. The structural analysis identified nine thematic clusters and indicated a transition from service restoration and component-level recovery toward multi-energy energy-management systems, resilient distribution-system planning, and mobile restoration resources. The technical synthesis shows that modern resilience is increasingly associated with hierarchical control architectures: optimization and forecasting methods support tertiary-level energy management, while grid-forming inverters can provide primary-layer voltage references that support islanded operation and black-start sequences under appropriate design, protection, and validation conditions. The article concludes that future research should bridge stochastic planning and real-time physical operation through standardized interoperability frameworks, reproducible dynamic metrics, and experimentally validated control strategies for autonomous critical microgrid operation under extreme-weather conditions.
Instituciones: Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería; Universidad Tecnológica del Perú; Universidad Nacional del Callao