Pseudophakic Cystoid Macular Edema

Arevalo J.F.; Fernandez C.F.; Arevalo F.A. · Posterior Capsular Rupture: A Practical Guide to Prevention and Management (2024) · DOI: 10.1201/9781003525813-21

Resumen

Cystoid macular edema (CME) following cataract surgery was initially reported byIrvine 1 in 1953 and is known as the Irvine-Gass syndrome.2 CME is one of the most common causes of unexpected decreased visual acuity after ophthalmic surgery. Despite recent advances in cataract surgery technique and instrumentation, pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) occurs most frequently after cataract surgery, even after uncomplicated surgery (Figure 17-1).3 CME exhibits dilation of normal retinal capillaries around the fovea, with consequent fluid leakage and microcystoid formation. It is the pooling of fluorescein in these microcystoid spaces that produces the typical petaloid appearance. CME is often accompanied by disruption of the blood- retinal barrier or blood-aqueous barrier, and, in fact, it is suggested that, clinically, the condition is not limited to the macula, but it spreads and becomes diffuse in the eye.