Proposal of a Predictive Model for Fraud Detection in Text Messages Using Recurrent Neural Networks

Bolaños Y.A.S.; Ticona W. · Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems (2025) · DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-96759-7_20

Resumen

Currently, text message fraud, which is commonly known as “smoothing”, has become an increasingly serious problem, and the lack of adequate mechanisms to detect fraudulent content in messages has led many citizens to become victims of scams when receiving such messages. Therefore, the objective of this study was to detect fraud in text messages using Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN). The applied methodology was based on 5 phases: Dataset creation; Data preparation; Preprocessing; Feature extraction (Word2Vec and FastText); Training model (RNN, LSTM, GRU, CNN-RNN, CNN-LSTM and CNN-GRU) and Testing model (Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-Score and AUC). The top result was obtained with the model with a combination of the 3-layer RNN network (200 (relu), 160 (relu), and 1 (sigmoid)) and the 300-dimensional FastText-NewL embedding: with 85.62% Accuracy, 84.49% Precision, 88.77% Recall, 86.57% F1-score, and 93.14% AUC. The results demonstrate a robust classification model for fraudulent text messages. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

Instituciones: Universidad ESAN; Universidad Tecnológica del Perú