Perception of fear or exaggeration transmitted to the Peruvian population by the media during the COVID 19 pandemic

Mejia C.R.; Rodriguez-Alarcon J.F.; Garay-Rios L.; Enriquez-Anco M.G.; Moreno A.; Huaytán–rojas K.; Huari N.H.-Ñ.; Julca–gonzales A.; Alvarez C.H.; Choque–vargas J.; Curioso W.H. · Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Biomedicas (2020)

Resumen

Introduction: In global health crises the media is important for reporting on important issues to the population. Objective: To characterize and find associations of perceived fear or exaggerati on conveyed by the media in the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Analytical and multicenter cross-sectional study. A virtual survey was conducted among 4009 people, in 17 cities of Peru, from March 15-20, 2020. The instrument, previously validated, evaluated three factors: the exaggeration of the media; the fear generated and the communication coming from health personnel, family members and friends. Relationship coefficients and p-values were calculated through the use of generalized linear models, with Gaussian family and identity linkage function. Values of p <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Social networks (64 %) and television (57 %) were perceived by all participants as exaggerating information; also, television (43 %) and social networks (41 %) increased the perception of fear. As for their family/friends, they perceived that they exaggerated the situation (39 %) and generated fear (25 %). In the multivariate analysis, women (p<0.001), those who had completed high school (p=0.023), were university students (p=0.037) and those with a postgraduate degree (p=0.002) had a lower total score of fear and perception of exaggeration.Conclusions: The perception of exaggeration and fear generation in the population were mostly caused by television and social networks.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana; Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión; Universidad Ricardo Palma; Universidad Nacional del Altiplano; Universidad Privada de Tacna; Universidad Continental; Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga; Universidad Nacional del Santa; Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán; Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú