Omics Insights into Cold Environments: Cold-Tolerant Microorganisms and their Potential Use in Bioremediation
Hualpa-Cutipa E.; Acosta R.A.S.; Cariga O.J.M.; Espinoza-Medina M.A.; Hansen-Reyes M.; Medina-Cerna D.; Olanda M.C.; Cortez-Lázaro A.A. · Omics Insights in Environmental Bioremediation (2022) · DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-4320-1_19
Resumen
The climatic diversity of our planet allows the development of a broad range of living organisms. Cold environments are colonized by organisms, which are able to tolerate low temperatures. Within this group of organisms are microorganisms that have thrived because of their adaptation to these environments. This adaptive capacity of microbes is basically due to the evolution of different physiological processes regulated at low temperatures, which is an adaptive strategy. Bacteria with the capacity to tolerate and colonize cold environments (psychrophilic and psychrotrophic—“extremophiles”) regulate the expression of their genetic patterns to overcome the limitations generated by cold. As part of this regulation, biological products or biomolecules are generated that are stable in extreme environments (low temperatures), with these biomolecules being highly appreciated by the scientific community, due to their stability, resistance, versatility, and applicability in different biochemical processes of the industry. In addition, products from the metabolism of microorganisms can be used in the treatment of contaminated environments (bioremediation). Currently, there is a strong interest in exploring the molecular mechanisms of microorganisms through current techniques that allow elucidating their composition and functioning. This chapter focuses on the application of omics technologies in the study of microorganisms adapted to cold environments and the potential application of these or their constituent biomolecules in the bioremediation of contaminated environments. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Instituciones: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; Universidad César Vallejo