Obstetric and perinatal complications associated with maternal age at risk in postpartum women in a public hospital.

Samame-Silvestre M.E.; Santos-Rosales Y.R.; Atencio-Castillo K.E. · Revista de Obstetricia y Ginecologia de Venezuela (2026) · DOI: 10.51288/00860110

Resumen

Objective: To analyze the association between obstetric and perinatal complications and maternal age at risk in postpartum women at a public hospital. Methods: An observational, analytical, retrospective, and cross-sectional study included 283 randomly selected medical records of puerperal women (vaginal delivery or cesarean section) divided according to age: ≤ 19 years, 20-34 years, and ≥ 35 years, including their newborns. The main variables were obstetric and perinatal complications. Bivariate (Fisher’s chi-square) and multivariate (Poisson’s regression) analyses were performed to obtain crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs). The study was approved by an ethics committee. Results: In the bivariate analysis, obstetric complications in postpartum women ≤ 19 years included pregnancy-induced hypertension (p=0.000), urinary tract infections (p=0.000), vaginal delivery (p=0.018), and perineal tear (p=0.006). In women ≥ 35 years, anemia (p=0.012) and pregnancy-induced hypertension (p=0.000) were found. Perinatal complications were not significantly associated with maternal age in any group. The multivariate analysis showed that postpartum women with extreme ages (≤ 19 years and ≥ 35 years) had higher prevalence of pregnancy-induced hypertension (RPa=1.831), urinary tract infections (RPa=1.138), placenta previa (RPa=1.629), and postpartum hemorrhage (RPa=1.016). Conclusion: Extreme maternal age (≤ 19 years and ≥ 35 years) is significantly associated with obstetric complications such as pregnancy-induced hypertension, urinary tract infections, placenta previa, and postpartum hemorrhage.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal