Nutritional intervention techniques in the consumption of foods that are sources of iron in preschoolers

Castro Mendoza T.V.; Chalán Chumpitaz G.; Palomino Quispe L.P.; Gomez Rutti Y.Y. · Nutricion Clinica y Dietetica Hospitalaria (2023) · DOI: 10.12873/432castro

Resumen

Introduction: Deficient intake of food sources of iron is a risk factor for the development of iron deficiency anemia in children, it is necessary to identify the most effective nutritional educational intervention strategy in an urban and dynamic community environment. Objective: To compare the effect of the nutritional educational intervention through two techniques, on the consumption of foods that are sources of iron in preschoolers residing in an urban area. Materials and Methods: A study with a quantitative approach, applied, experimental design of the uncontrolled trial type, carried out in 80 preschoolers from 3 to 5 years of age, was carried out. Two groups of 40 (mother and son) were selected for a synchronous and face-to-face nutritional educational intervention respectively. Before and after the nutritional educational intervention, the iron consumption of the preschoolers was evaluated in both groups, through a questionnaire on the frequency of consumption of foods that are sources of iron. For the statistical analysis, the Student’s T statistical test was applied. Results: Before the intervention, the average dietary iron intake was 1,25 ± 0,29 mg (synchronous nutritional intervention) and 1,17 ± 0,27 mg (face-to-face nutritional intervention). After the intervention it was 1,35 ± 0,19 mg (synchronous nutritional intervention) and 2,63 ± 0,35 mg (synchronous nutritional intervention). There is a difference in iron consumption before and after the nutritional educational intervention of the synchronous and face-to-face technique (p<0,001). Conclusion: The nutritional intervention technique, under the face-to-face modality, was the most effective in increasing the consumption of foods that are sources of iron in preschoolers residing in an urban área.

Instituciones: Universidad César Vallejo; Universidad Privada del Norte