Mycobacterial infections in monkeys

Mendoza A.P.; Mitman S.; Rosenbaum M.H. · Neglected Diseases in Monkeys: From the Monkey-Human Interface to One Health (2020) · DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-52283-4_4

Resumen

Mycobacteria are a group of acid-fast bacilli that cause a range of clinical manifestations of public health relevance across the globe including tuberculosis, atypical mycobacterial infections, and leprosy. Nonhuman primates are naturally susceptible to infection with mycobacteria, and infections in captive, synanthropic, and free-roaming contexts are documented across most continents. Infection with mycobacterial species capable of causing tuberculosis is more thoroughly described compared to reports of atypical infection and infection with leprosy-causing strains. Monkeys are also used as animal models for biomedical studies of the disease tuberculosis. The full range of the immune response to infection, clinical manifestation of infection, and variations in species-level host susceptibility to all naturally acquired mycobacterial infections are poorly understood in monkeys. Transmission of mycobacteria between nonhuman primates, humans, and other species of domestic and wild animals complicates the current understanding of the epidemiology of these diseases as well as the implementation of effective surveillance and control measures, which is further compounded by a lack of rapid, feasible detection methods outside of the laboratory setting. The range of mycobacterial infections in monkeys, immunology of infection, and control and prevention measures are presented and discussed from a One Health perspective. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.