Microbiota of the oral cavity: Morphology and physiology

Scipión Castro R.D.; Estela Núñez E.Y.; Minagawa Scipión K.B.T.; Alayza Carrera G.L.; Agüero Del Carpio P.I.; La Serna Solari P.B. · Avances en Odontoestomatologia (2025)

Resumen

The microbiota is made up of communities of commensal or pathogenic microorganisms that inhabit our body. The human oral cavity is the habitat of the oral microbial community. The complexity of its anatomy, its connection with the outside world and its humid environment lead to the complexity and specificity of the ecological domain of the microbial communities that colonize it. Objective: to collect information on the main microbiota of the oral cavity exposed in research works, comparing them with emphasis on describing their morphology and physiology. Methodology: Scientific articles in English and Spanish published between 2018 and 2022 were selected, obtained through the databases ScienceDirect, PubMed as well as others with a university level, using inclusion and exclusion criteria, 40 articles were selected from the 120 found. Results: it was found that the oral microbiota is composed of 12 phyla, the classification is given by bacte ria in GRAM+ and GRAM-groups, it was also found that the majority of these microorganisms are causes of systemic diseases. Conclusion: the hypothesis was proven, confirming that the majority of bacteria of the genus Streptococcus, Porphyromonas and Staphylococcus are those that have much more incidence in the oral cavity, being the main components of dental plaque, as well as causing systemic diseases.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo; Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal; Universidad Señor de Sipán