Maternal nutritional status, breastfeeding and chronic malnutrition in peruvian children under 5 years

Gomez Rutti Y.Y.; Taboada García M.A.; Acevedo Rique I.M.; Gordillo Cortaza J.D.R.; Vélez Pillco E.E.; Ochoa Montoya Y.T.; González García W.A. · Nutricion Clinica y Dietetica Hospitalaria (2024) · DOI: 10.12873/443gomez

Resumen

Introduction: Optimizing nutrition during the thousand days that elapse from conception guarantees long-term benefits, however, childhood growth retardation to adult obesity is a threat to comprehensive health. Objective: Determine the relationship between the mother’s nutritional status, breastfeeding, and chronic malnutrition in Peruvian children under 5. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive study with a transversal approach. A sample of 11,583 mothers with children under 5 years of age was obtained from the database of the National Demographic and Family Health Survey (2022) of Peru. The Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between BMI, maternal anemia, breastfeeding, and chronic malnutrition in children. Additionally, the Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine if there are differences between chronic malnutrition (yes/no) with maternal hemoglobin and height for age with breastfeeding (yes/no). A significance level of p<0.05 was applied. Results: 60.4% of mothers were overweight and 22.9% had anemia. 46.8% of the children presented chronic malnutrition and 64.3% were breastfed. There is a relationship between the mother’s BMI (p=0.001), maternal anemia (p=0.001), breastfeeding (p=0.001), and chronic malnutrition. Mother’s hemoglobin is higher in children who have chronic malnutrition (p=0.001). 54.3% of mothers without anemia have children with chronic malnutrition. Children who were not breastfed had more chronic malnutrition than those who breastfed (p=0.001). 55.5% who did not receive breastfeeding have children with chronic malnutrition. Conclusion: Mothers who are overweight and thin, children had a higher prevalence of chronic malnutrition. The mother’s hemoglobin is higher in children who have chronic malnutrition and those who were not breastfed have a higher prevalence of chronic malnutrition than those who were breastfed.

Instituciones: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia; Universidad Privada del Norte