Mapping SARS-CoV-2 antigenic relationships and serological responses

Wilks S.H.; Mühlemann B.; Shen X.; Türeli S.; LeGresley E.B.; Netzl A.; Caniza M.A.; Chacaltana-Huarcaya J.N.; Corman V.M.; Daniell X.; Datto M.B.; Dawood F.S.; Denny T.N.; Drosten C.; Fouchier R.A.M.; Garcia P.J.; Halfmann P.J.; Jassem A.; Jeworowski L.M.; Jones T.C.; Kawaoka Y.; Krammer F.; McDanal C.; Pajon R.; Simon V.; Stockwell M.S.; Tang H.; van Bakel H.; Veguilla V.; Webby R.; Montefiori D.C.; Smith D.J. · Science (2023) · DOI: 10.1126/science.adj0070

Resumen

During the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, multiple variants escaping preexisting immunity emerged, causing reinfections of previously exposed individuals. Here, we used antigenic cartography to analyze patterns of cross-reactivity among 21 variants and 15 groups of human sera obtained after primary infection with 10 different variants or after messenger RNA (mRNA)–1273 or mRNA-1273.351 vaccination. We found antigenic differences among pre-Omicron variants caused by substitutions at spike-protein positions 417, 452, 484, and 501. Quantifying changes in response breadth over time and with additional vaccine doses, our results show the largest increase between 4 weeks and >3 months after a second dose. We found changes in immunodominance of different spike regions, depending on the variant an individual was first exposed to, with implications for variant risk assessment and vaccine-strain selection.

Instituciones: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia