Mapping Citizen Insecurity in Emerging and Developed Nations: A Systematic Review of Empirical Studies

Aguilera L.A.G.; Rodríguez M.E.A.; García Arismendiz A.; Chamorro S.L.R.; Farroñan E.V.R.; Nuñez Puse S.M.; Ríos B.C.Q. · Journal of Educational and Social Research (2025) · DOI: 10.36941/jesr-2025-0104

Resumen

This systematic review aimed to analyse and synthesise the available empirical evidence on citizen insecurity in emerging and developed nations, through a systematic review of the literature, in order to better understand the characteristics, causes and consequences of this phenomenon. A qualitative methodology based on documentary analysis of the scientific literature was used, conducting a systematic search in specialised databases (Scopus, Scielo, EbscoHost) and applying eligibility criteria to select 35 highly relevant studies. The results revealed that citizen insecurity is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon that affects both emerging and developed nations. The studies analysed addressed various characteristics of this phenomenon, such as violence, crime and perceptions of insecurity in public spaces. In addition, multiple causes were identified, highlighting socio-economic, demographic and contextual factors such as inequality, social exclusion and institutional weakness. In terms of consequences, impacts were observed in a range of areas, from job satisfaction to human rights. In sum, this systematic review contributed to deepening the understanding of citizen insecurity, its characteristics, causes and consequences in both emerging and developed countries.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional de Piura; Universidad César Vallejo