MAIN CHALLENGES OF PENSION SYSTEMS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE; [PRINCIPAIS DESAFIOS DOS SISTEMAS DE PENSÕES: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DA LITERATURA]

Herbay J.J.O.; González G.F.L.; Isaías N.C.Q. · Relacoes Internacionais no Mundo Atual (2024) · DOI: 10.21902/revrima.v3i45.7367

Resumen

This study sought to identify the main challenges facing pension systems. It synthesized existing empirical evidence, identified significant barriers and effective strategies, and drew lessons that can guide the design of public policies to improve the coverage and sustainability of these systems. This research is aligned with Sustainable Development Goal 1, particularly target 1.3, which promotes the guarantee of equitable social protection for all, with special attention to the most vulnerable populations. The review was conducted following the PRISMA protocol, considering publications from major repositories such as Scopus, Web Of Science, prioritising studies published in the period from 2019 to 2023. The selection of studies was made according to eligibility criteria. As a result of this research, it has been identified that the main challenges of the pension system are of demographic, social and economic origin. These include the significant increase in the older population, which has stopped contributing to the system, as well as the reduction of the young economically active population. This situation represents a major challenge for pension systems. Several studies have proposed reforms, including the extension of working life, as a possible solution to address these problems.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; Universidad César Vallejo