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Long-term effects of rotational grazing in Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandú pastures on soil quality indicators

Rofner N.F.; Principe R.M.A.; Rengifo-Rojas A.; Cipriano J.N. · Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales (2023) · DOI: 10.17138/tgft(11)131-144

Resumen

Cattle raising is an important activity in Peru, with production systems differentiated by purpose, edaphoclimatic conditions and pasture management practices. In Ruiz farm, located in Codo del Pozuzo district (Huánuco, Peru), the effect of long-term grazing on soil quality was evaluated through physical (texture, penetrometer resistance) and chemical indicators (pH, OM, N, P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+, CEC, base saturation, exchangeable acidity and aluminum saturation), in Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandú pastures managed for 10 (PU10), 20 (PU20), 30 (PU30), and 40 years (PU40), compared to a contiguous secondary forest (BS) area. Data were analyzed with descriptive and multivariate statistics, and multiple linear regression models. Long-term (up to 40 years) grazing resulted in increasing soil compaction over time, and affected all chemical indicators evaluated, except for pH and Al3+. The transformation of forest into pastures negatively affected the pH, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and CEC levels, and increased Al3+ content. Results obtained suggest that the rotational grazing system applied for up to 40 years in the study farm resulted in soil compaction, loss of exchangeable bases and aluminum toxicity. Further studies are required to determine the effects of applying a rational grazing management considering the carrying capacity of the pastures, as well as plowing and fertilization, as means to mitigate trampling effects, reverse compaction, improve nutrient availability and reduce Al3+ content in soils. © Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales es una revista de acceso abierto publicada por el Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), en asociación con el Instituto de Recursos Genéticos de Cultivos Tropicales de la Academia China de Ciencias Agrícolas Tropicales (TCGRI-CATAS). Este trabajo está bajo la licencia Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva