Iron oxide Nanoparticles in Anticancer Drug Delivery and Imaging Diagnostics

Nedyalkova M.; Todorov B.; Barazorda-Ccahuanac H.L.; Madurga S. · Magnetic Nanoparticles in Human Health and Medicine: Current Medical Applications and Alternative Therapy of Cancer (2021) · DOI: 10.1002/9781119754725.ch7

Resumen

Cancer is a group of severe diseases that can affect any organ or tissue of the body when atypical cells grow wildly, go beyond their usual boundaries to attack contiguous parts of the body, and/or spread to other organs. The burden of this disease continues to rise globally, applying tremendous physical, emotional, and financial damage on individuals, families, societies, and health systems. Many cancer treatments such as chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy are existing for the cure, but those are generally associated with low levels of long-rate survival periods. Thus, more cutting-edge methods that have produce better outcomes, less side effects, and high efficacies are highly in demand. The implementation of and use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) act as an advanced platform for battling cancer. The intrinsic properties of SPIONs such as magnetic characteristics turn them into a widely desired object of application in nonmedical applications. The superparamagnetic properties of these nanoparticles are broadly used for diagnosis, drug delivery, and therapy. Likewise, theranostic multifunctional SPIONs brand them as a proper dual agent for application in delivery and imaging diagnostics simultaneously. The key achievement in in vivo drug delivery application using SPIONs is the suitable magnetic field gradient. This can be moderately reached by superconducting magnets, local implantation of magnets, and application of magnetic stents. In spite of the favorable properties, there are some toxicological issues, such as oxidative stress, unpredictable cellular responses, and mistargetin. Novel platforms for cancer treatments and diagnoses based on SPIONs are being developed and transformed rapidly for applications in drug delivery and imaging systems. This chapter aims to provide a brief introduction on SPIONs, centering on their magnetism abilities for applications and nanomedical applications for targeting drug delivery.

Instituciones: Universidad Católica de Santa María