IoT Applied to the Monitoring of Photovoltaic Solar Energy Systems

Espinoza-Nima R.; Raymundo-García C.; Alvarado-Paiva D.; Albán-Palacios J.; Vera-Rueda R. · CEUR Workshop Proceedings (2026)

Resumen

Photovoltaic solar energy has become one of the central technologies of the energy transition, although its real performance depends on highly dynamic physical variables that require continuous supervision. In this context, the Internet of Things has emerged as an infrastructure capable of capturing, transmitting and analysing field data in real time. This article presents a literature review guided by three research questions on the IoT devices used for photovoltaic monitoring, their contribution to performance and efficiency, and the limitations observed in real contexts. The search was conducted in Scopus, following PRISMA guidelines, and was limited to documents published between 2022 and 2026 in the areas of computer science, energy and engineering. The results show that the most frequent architectures combine microcontrollers, electrical and environmental sensors, wireless gateways and cloud platforms. IoT monitoring contributes to detecting faults, losses due to shading, dirt and operational degradation, although challenges of calibration, connectivity, interoperability and longitudinal validation under real conditions persist. The contribution of this work lies in integrating scattered evidence from applied computer science, physics and energy engineering into a synthesis that links devices, measurable parameters and verifiable operational effects.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional de Piura