Influence of 2%, 4%, and 6% Aloe vera Extract as a Natural Foaming Agent on the Density and Compressive Strength of Concrete

Junior Sangay Vásquez M.; Alexandra Sánchez Leyva E.; Thajana Carhuanambo Villanueva J. · Proceedings of the LACCEI international Multi-conference for Engineering, Education and Technology (2026) · DOI: 10.18687/laccei2026.1.1.465

Resumen

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of Aloe vera extract as a natural foaming agent on the physical and mechanical properties of concrete. Four mixtures were designed: a control mix (0%) and three mixes with additions of 2%, 4%, and 6% relative to the weight of cement. For each mixture, three specimens were prepared, resulting in a total of 12 samples. The methodology was experimental, applying slump tests (NTP 339.035), density tests (NTP 339.046), and compressive strength tests at 28 days (NTP 339.034). In addition, durability was evaluated through freeze-thaw cycles (ASTM C 666) using one specimen per mixture at 7 days. The results showed that the slump decreased from 16.5 cm (0%) to 13.7 cm (2%), 13.9 cm (4%), and 9.6 cm (6%). Density decreased from 2307.16 kg/m3 (0%) to 1988.36 kg/m3 (2%), 1974.00 kg/m3 (4%), and 1969.07 kg/m3 (6%). Compressive strength decreased from 234.86 kg/cm2 (0%) to 232.44 kg/cm2 (2%), 162.72 kg/cm2 (4%), and 136.73 kg/cm2 (6%). Regarding durability, the concrete showed favorable behavior under freeze-thaw cycles, presenting minimal deformation and maintaining strength values similar to those obtained in specimens under normal conditions. It is concluded that Aloe vera generates air within the mixture, reduces concrete density, and maintains acceptable strength up to a 4% addition, demonstrating its potential as a sustainable alternative to synthetic foaming agents..

Instituciones: Universidad Privada del Norte