Identification of Soil Characteristics for the Extraction of Ch’ampa as Earth Block Masonry

Vitulas Quille Y. · Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies (2023) · DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-04435-9_53

Resumen

At present, many houses in the Peruvian highlands do not have the necessary infrastructure to face climatic phenomena, even though there are pre-Hispanic vernacular houses as ancestral legacies that allow them to resist this inclemency, among them are the Putucos of Puno (Taraco and Samán), Therefore, the objective of this research is to study and characterize the identification criteria for the extraction zones and the ideal soil that can be used for extraction of Ch’ampa as earth block masonry, the methodology used is a preliminary study of the characteristics of extraction to blocks or natural grass in a traditional way, tests to determine the limits of consistency, fine content, soil classification, and granulometric curve. According to the findings obtained, the Liquid limit has an average value of 42.33 %, the Plastic limit has a value of 32.33 %, and the Plasticity index has a result of 10.00 %, having a considerable variation between the LP with reference to the adobe, has a natural humidity of 3.80 % (sample dried outdoors for 20 days), specific weight of solids of 2.587 gr/cm 3, a wet density of 1.385 gr/cm 3, and a dry density of 1.350 gr/cm 3, being the predominant soil type ML (Classification USCS) and its contrast with other materials through the NRCS Soil triangle. These results give us a first idea of the difference with other traditional construction materials with earth, looking for new environmentally friendly technologies that can recover ancestral technologies, which for some time now have been in the process of extinction.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional del Altiplano