Human and organisational factors influencing the preparedness of small and medium-sized enterprises against cyber attacks in developing countries

Palacios Moya L.; Bermeo Giraldo M.C.; Arenas Lozano J.A.; Valencia Arias A.; Rodríguez-Correa P.A. · Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy (2025) · DOI: 10.18080/jtde.v13n3.1197

Resumen

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are highly vulnerable to cyber attacks such as phishing, ransomware, denial-of-service, malware, and Trojans that pose severe risks to organisations and the global economy. Despite the growing threat, research on cyber attacks in SMEs remains limited. This study examines factors associated with organisational preparedness against cyber attacks in SMEs within a developing country. A quantitative approach was employed, collecting 112 surveys analysed via SmartPLS 4 using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). Results reveal that 33% of SMEs have faced cyber attacks, with human talent and resources identified as the most influential factors. The study also highlights the critical role of cyber awareness, supplier relationships, and overall cybersecurity preparedness. These findings offer practical guidance for SMEs, the education sector, and policymakers to enhance resilience. By addressing the research gap, this work contributes to understanding information security challenges for small businesses in emerging economies.

Instituciones: Universidad Ricardo Palma