Hate speech: Analysis of three Shakira songs dedicated to Gerard Piqué

Sarapura M.S.; Cayo E.A.Q. · Logos: Revista de Linguistica, Filosofia y Literatura (2026) · DOI: 10.15443/rl3645

Resumen

Music is a vehicle for expressions of love, but also of spite and hatred. Based on a proposal to redefine hate speech, this study aims to analyze three songs by pop singer Shakira to identify the hateful features that provoked intense polarization among audiences. Regarding the methodology, three levels of analysis were carried out: first, the levels of meaning in the three songs were described to determine if they constituted hate speech; then, the characteristics of these discourses were identified using a scale defined by the degree of explicitness, understood as the hierarchy of polarizations in hate speech; and finally, critical discourse analysis was performed to analyze the interpretations within the social and cognitive spheres. It was found that at the structural (verbal), connotative, and denotative levels, the discourses were hateful, and regarding the delimitation of their characteristics, it was determined that they adhere to the hierarchy of polarizations. The songs form a narrative that unfolds over time, transcending social media through comments and video sharing, eventually returning to reality with unfortunate incidents in the lives of the artists and their fans. The importance of media content today makes it a reliable signifier that resonates with audiences. Este trabajo se encuentra bajo la licencia Creative Commons Attribution 4.0

Instituciones: Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas; Universidad Científica del Sur