Gastroprotective effect of mucilage extracted from Aloe vera L. (sábila) leaves in albino rats

Roca E.C.E.; Acevedo J.L.A.; Jayo A.T.; Mujica G.B.; Felices E.J.A. · Horizonte Medico (2025) · DOI: 10.24265/horizmed.2025.v25n3.08

Resumen

Aloe vera (A. vera) leaves in albino rats. Materials and methods: The technique used was observation, and the method was based on inducing gastric ulcers with 96 % ethanol. The animals were divided into seven treatment groups: (I) control group, which received normal saline (4 mL/kg); (II) group administered 96 % ethanol (1 mL/animal); (III) group treated with ranitidine (100 mg/kg); (IV) group administered sucralfate (50 mg/kg); and (V–VII) groups treated with mucilage at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, respectively. Results: The mean volumes of gastric content in animals treated with mucilage at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg were statistically comparable to those in doses of mucilage. Ulcer inhibition was 54.45 %, 64.45 %, and 73.33 % with mucilage at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, respectively, compared with 58.89 % for ranitidine and 73.33 % for sucralfate (p < 0.05). The 100 mg/kg mucilage dose was statistically comparable to sucralfate, while the 50 mg/kg dose was comparable to ranitidine. Histopathological analysis revealed a mild to moderate inflammatory component that was dispersed and perivascular, and extended to the submucosa. In the 96 % ethanol group, ulcerative lesions with acute inflammation reaching the submucosa were observed. In contrast, ulcer formation was inhibited in the mucilage-treated and standard drug groups. Conclusions: The mucilage extracted from Aloe vera leaves demonstrated a gastroprotective effect in experimental animals.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga