Frequency and factors associated with chronic non-communicable diseases in older adults in Peru, 2005

Ramírez J.P.; Marchena M.B.; Rebatta F.B.; Valladares E.R.; Zamora R.A. · Anales de la Facultad de Medicina (2022) · DOI: 10.15381/anales.v83i4.24333

Resumen

Introduction: Chronic non-communicable diseases are a public health problem. Objective: To determine the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD) in the elderly population and its association with demographic factors. Methods: Cross-sectional study from a secondary source (ENIN 2005), which included adults aged ≥60 years. The prevalence of arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia was estimated. Likewise, the association to demographic variables was determined (sex, age group, altitude of residence and area) through the prevalence ratio (PR) obtained by generalized linear models. Results: The sample was 620 AM, where three out of four presents at least one chronic noncommunicable diseases. A prevalence of hypertension (36.3%), metabolic syndrome (31.0%), obesity (8.4%), diabetes mellitus (6.0%), low HDL-C (47.3%), hypertriglyceridemia (35.8%), hypercholesterolemia (28.4%) and high LDL-C (7.4%). Men presented lower frequency of obesity, metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia (RPa 0.37, 0.27 and 0.56, respectively) compared to women. Likewise, residents at more than 3000 masl had lower prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia (RPa 0.56, 0.09, 0.23 and 0.71, respectively) compared to those who reside at less than 1000 masl. Conclusion: There is a significant presence of chronic non-communicable diseases in elderly population, the most prevalent being hypertension, metabolic syndrome, low HDL-C and hypertriglyceridemia. The female sex and people who lived in cities below 1000 masl were the most affected. © Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Facultad de Medicina. All rights reserved.