Factors associated with prolonged hospitalization in infants with moderate bronchiolitis

Rojas S.L.C. · Revista Cubana de Pediatria (2022)

Resumen

Introduction: Bronchiolitis is a clinical entity that occurs before the age of two and is a frequent cause of hospitalization in this age group. Prolonged hospitalization is defined as a hospital time greater than 5 days. This situation demands the use of resources and has an economic impact on the health system. In the Peruvian context, the factors associated with prolonged hospitalization in patients with bronchiolitis have not been addressed. Objective: Determine the factors associated with prolonged hospitalization in patients with moderate bronchiolitis. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study. The unit of analysis was the clinical history of infants hospitalized due to moderate bronchiolitis treated at Niño-Breña National Institute of Health, between 2018 and 2019. 160 infants were included. To establish the relationship between the factors associated with prolonged hospitalization of both the mother and the clinical aspects of the infant, the JI-square test with a significance level of 0.05 was used. Results: Prolonged hospitalization was associated with a greater number of days with supplemental oxygen with p= 0.000; in addition to presenting more frequently in infants who did not receive exclusive breastfeeding with p = 0.000. Finally, it was also associated with atelectasis and pneumonia, both cases with p= 0.040. Conclusions: Prolonged hospitalization in infants with bronchiolitis is associated with the number of days on supplemental oxygen, with the non-enjoyment of exclusive breastfeeding and with the appearance of complications such as bronchiectasis and pneumonia.