FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT ORGANISM INFECTION

Sernaque Mechato R.A.; Incio Herles J.A.; Ayasta Vallejo R.E.V.; Almanza Cáceres L.E.; Ñaupari Jara S.R.S.; Itusaca N.; Mendoza Barreto F.M. · Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana (2026) · DOI: 10.25176/rfmh.v26i1.7893

Resumen

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance increases hospital mortality and is particularly relevant in infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms. Objectives: To determine the sociodemographic, clinical, and microbiological factors associated with mortality in hospitalized patients with MDR infections. Methods: An observational, analytical, retrospective, unmatched case-control study was conducted in a general hospital in Lima, Peru, between 2022 and 2025. The population included hospitalized patients with MDR organism infection con rmed by microbiological culture. The census sample comprised 124 patients, including 24 cases and 100 controls. The evaluated variables were age, education level, comorbidities, arterial hypertension, nutritional status, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, identi ed pathogen, type of culture, and hospital service. The analysis included descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and binary logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds 1,fratios. Results: The most frequently identi ed pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, each accounting for 19.4%, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae with 14.5%. In the adjusted model, mortality was associated with age≥65 years (aOR=3.36; 95% CI: 1.02–11.03; p=0.046), low education level (aOR=8.25; 95% CI: 2.38–28.57; p=0.001), arterial hypertension (aOR=8.01; 95% CI: 2.01–31.88; p=0.003), and bronchial secretion isolation (aOR=11.94; 95% CI: 3.23–44.19; p<0.001). Conclusion: Mortality in hospitalized patients with MDR infections was independently associated with older age, low education level, arterial hypertension, and bronchial secretion isolation; thus, their early identi cation may improve prognostic strati cation. Article published by the Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana of Universidad Ricardo Palma. It is an open access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is duly cited.