Exploring the emerging therapeutic landscape of multiple myeloma: an exploratory review

Vera-Mendoza E.M. · Revista del Cuerpo Medico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo (2026) · DOI: 10.35434/rcmhnaaa.2026.192.2937

Resumen

An exploratory review was conducted based on PRISMA-ScR guidelines, with the aim of mapping the available therapeutic evidence applied to multiple myeloma (MM), comparing emerging therapies such as immunomodulators (IMiDs), proteasome inhibitors (PIs), monoclonal antibodies, and CAR-T therapies, in contrast to conventional therapy. After searching PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (2023-2024) and filtering the studies, six observational studies (n=1,717 patients) were selected. The results showed that the combination of IMiDs with PIs improves overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in contrast to monotherapies. Therapies targeting the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), such as CAR-T, increase the OS of penta-refractory MM to 29 months. Similarly, autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and daratumumab improve PFS, as does maintenance with lenalidomide in patients with minimal residual disease (MRD-) negative disease. In contrast, traditional chemotherapy showed greater toxicity and limited efficacy. These findings highlight the positive impact of combination, targeted, and maintenance therapy on the prognosis of MM.

Instituciones: Universidad Continental