Evaluation of the Potential of Natural Additives based on Oje, Croton Lechleri, and Copaiba for Waterproof Concrete Compared to Commercial Products

Pacheco S.M.G.; Herrera J.N.E.; Condor K.C.; Fernandez M.A.L. · SSRG International Journal of Civil Engineering (2025) · DOI: 10.14445/23488352/ijce-v12i11p114

Resumen

Construction on saturated and sloping terrain presents challenges for the stability and durability of concrete due to water infiltration, loss of strength, and accelerated deterioration. This research evaluated the performance of natural Amazonian additives such as bloodwood resin, ojé, and copaiba in the formulation of waterproof concrete, comparing them with Sika-1 and Sika Bitumen in mixtures of 210 kg/cm². An experimental methodology was applied, varying the proportions of additives (1% to 6% relative to the weight of the cement), and compression, indirect tensile, absorption, porosity, and penetration tests were performed according to ASTM standards. The results showed that an optimal dose of 3% bloodwood, ojé and copaiba resin improved mechanical strength (up to 229.96 kg/cm² in compression and 28.03 kg/cm² in traction), reducing absorption (1.55% to 1.66%), porosity (4.2%) and penetration (13.8 mm), with performance similar to or superior to commercial additives. Higher doses did not generate improvements and increased porosity. The cost of concrete with 3% resins was S/490.88/m³, cheaper than Sika-1 (S/532.71) and competitive with Sika Bitumen (S/475.45). Therefore, the use of Amazonian resins in appropriate proportions is an efficient and sustainable alternative for improving the impermeability and durability of concrete in humid environments, providing technical, economic, and environmental value.

Instituciones: Universidad Continental