Evaluation of scenarios in the validation of precipitation data from the GPM satellite for use in environmental emergencies by meteorological stations

Dueñas-Valcárcel C.; Rojas-Flores J.; De-La-cruz-huerta Ó.; Gómez-Karpenko C. · Tecnologia y Ciencias del Agua (2025) · DOI: 10.24850/j-tyca-2025-06-08

Resumen

After an environmental emergency related to rain, knowing the rainfall that occurred in the emergency area in those hours or day helps us determine whether it was an exceptional or regular weather event. This information allows us to evaluate the responsibility of an organization in the context of environmental oversight by the government. This work will allow us to correctly obtain the precipitation values from the GPM (Global Precipitation Measurement) Satellite, which provides data with a resolution of 0.1° equivalent to approximately 10 km, and a periodicity of 30 minutes, through an open access web platform. For educational purposes in the research, three GPM satellite data download scenarios are exhibited, two of these scenarios present omissions that result in inaccuracies, while the third scenario is executed accurately. The satellite data were processed through the ArcGis software, obtaining the value of precipitation and a linear correlation was carried out comparing them with the precipitation values of the conventional SENAMHI meteorological stations in the same geographical locations and on the same day, obtaining a value of Spearman correlation of 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 for the first, second and third scenarios respectively. This indicates that the use of the values obtained from the GPM satellite in one day can be reliable when it is downloaded accurately and its use is recommended when there are study areas that are at a distance greater than 10 km from a meteorological station.