Effectiveness and Safety of the addition of Immunotherapy as neoadjuvant treatment in patients with early stage triple negative breast cancer. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Aliaga-Caján J.; Yan-Quiroz E.; Vásquez-Jaico E.; Valencia-Mariñas H.; Vásquez-Tirado G.; Chu Nonajulca C.; Serna-Alarcón V. · Revista del Cuerpo Medico Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo (2026) · DOI: 10.35434/rcmhnaaa.2026.192.2959
Resumen
Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. Patients diagnosed with early stage triple negative breast cancer constitute a treatment challenge. Recently the benefit of adding immunotherapy to neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been reported. Objective: Develop a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare immunotherapy plus chemotherapy with chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with early stage triple negative breast cancer. Methods: A systematic search identified randomized clinical trials for the treatment of early stage triple-negative breast cancer. The outcomes of interest were pathologic complete response, event-free survival and adverse events. Outcomes were obtained for each clinical study and the odds ratio was estimated. Results: In relation to pathologic complete response we observed that immunotherapy plus chemotherapy in patients with early stage triple negative breast cancer had a statistically significant higher response compared to control (OR = 1.59 [95% CI : 1.10-2.31]; P=0.35, I² = 8%). Event-free survival was higher in the immunotherapy plus chemotherapy group than in the control group, but not statistically significant (OR = 1.75 [95% CI: 0.32-9.65]; P=0.49; I² = 0%). Conclusion: Patients with early triple negative breast cancer who received immunotherapy plus chemotherapy showed an improvement in pathological complete response (pCR) levels. This intervention does not show higher levels of association with grade 3 or higher adverse events, but with immunomediated adverse events, and special attention should be paid to thyroid function.
Instituciones: Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego