Effect of substrates and rooters on the vegetative propagation of Coffea arabica var. typical in microtunnels

Solano Vargas J.J.; Sanchez-Santillan T.; Arévalo López L.A.; Morales Rojas E. · Ciencia Tecnologia Agropecuaria (2023) · DOI: 10.21930/rcta.vol24_num2_art:2627

Resumen

Coffea arabica Típica variety is in high demand worldwide for its organoleptic quality; however, in recent years plantations have been severely affected by coffee rust (Hemileia vastatrix, Berk and Broome). Asexual propagation is an alternative to regenerate plants of the Típica variety with desirable agronomic characteristics such as high bearing, supreme coffee percentage between 63 % to 72 % and excellent cup quality. In order to vegetatively propagate the Típica variety by rooting cuttings in microtunnels, three types of substrates and two rooting agents were tested in this study, in addition to the control treatments (substrates without rooting agents). The cuttings were installed under a complete randomized design with a 3A x 3B factorial arrangement, where A are the substrates: agricultural soil, peat and sand; B are the auxins: AIB-98 % (indole butyric acid) 2000 ppm and Root-hor (0.4 ANA (alpha naphthaleneacetic acid) + 0.1 AIB) at 5000 ppm. Basal cuttings of 7 cm size uniformized to 5 cm with 25 % leaf area, collected from clonal gardens, were used. It was found that both sand and peat substrates, plus AIB-98 % (indole butyric acid) and the control (without rooting agent) did not generate mortality in the cuttings. The use of peat + AIB-98 % generated significant effects on rooting and had independent effects on the number and size of roots. Auxin AIB-98 % enhanced rooting of coffee cuttings; however, cuttings treated with Root-hor showed a significant effect on rooting, despite the interaction with the substrates.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas