Effect of high protein oral nutritional supplementation on the nutritional status and biochemical parameters of patients with congestive heart failure

Herbozo E.P.G.; Pachas G.C.L.; Romero E.J.; Mejía C.F.M.; Rosa J.A.J.G.L.; Palomino-Quispe L.P. · Nutricion Clinica y Dietetica Hospitalaria (2025) · DOI: 10.12873/451garcia

Resumen

Introduction: Patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) present nutritional risk associated with inadequate protein intake. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of hyperprotein oral nutritional supplementation on the nutritional status and biochemical parameters of patients with CHF. Materials and Methods: Research with a quantitative approach, with a quasi-experimental experimental design. The sample consisted of 194 adult patients with a diagnosis of CHF, divided into 2 groups (group with malnutrition =54; group without malnutrition =140); hospitalized between April 1 and May 31, 2023; in the cardiology area of the Hospital Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen (HNGAI), Lima, Peru. The information on biochemical parameters was obtained through the electronic recording of clinical histories that were filled out by health professionals. The evaluation of nutritional status was performed by taking anthropometric data at the beginning and end of the nutritional intervention (Nutritional therapy was administered with a total caloric intake of 1800 kcal to both groups, protein 1.2-1.5 g/kg/day, using prescribed diet and an oral hyperproteic nutritional supplement). To evaluate the effect, the Student's t-test and the d-Cohen test were used to compare means. A value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: After 2 weeks of intervention, the malnourished group experienced a significant increase of 0.97 kg in weight and an increase of 0.71cm in arm circumference (BC). The group without malnutrition showed a significant increase in BC of 0.32cm. In the biochemical findings, both groups showed improvements in albumin and hemoglobin, with significant increases in albumin (3.04 to 3.6 g/dL) and hemoglobin (12.05 to 13.03 g/dL) in the group with malnutrition. It also showed a significant decrease (p<0.036) in cholesterol and glucose values (-3.52md/dl and -4.21mg/dl, respectively). Similarly, in the group without malnutrition, the variation was -7.40mg/dl and -7.78md/dl (p=0.000). In conclusion, nutritional therapy improved nutritional status and albumin levels in malnourished patients with CHF, and the presence of pathological history had a significant influence.

Instituciones: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos