Digital photogrammetry of vernacular architecture, comparison between putucos (Peru) and cocons (Spain)

Balsells C.M.; Paredes-Malma D.K.; Pla S.C.; Jover A.C. · ZEMCH International Conference (2023)

Resumen

Vernacular constructions are the result of generationally inherited knowledge. These types of constructions took advantage of the resources of the environment and the knowledge of the territory to solve habitability and survival needs in rural contexts. In the research presented, two construction typologies are recorded and analyzed using digital photogrammetry (SFM): putucos (Peru) and cocons (Spain). The putucos are constructions made up of a single space that serve to shelter and are built with champa, material extracted directly from the ground. They have a quadrangular or rectangular floor, with four side walls that, through an inclination, configure the roof, through the approximation of rows of material or false dome. The cocons are constructions made up of a single interior space that serve to store rainwater and are built solely with stone. They have a circular floor, with side walls, an opening on the perimeter that allows access to the interior and covered by an approximation dome of courses with membrane behavior. The methodology applied in these two constructive typologies is based on a massive data recording technique through digital photogrammetry (SFM), to then be processed using the Agisoft Photoscan software, and finally the two-dimensional and three-dimensional data will be processed with the Rhinoceros 5 software. This methodology has made it possible to obtain three-dimensional models with millimeter precision and to make a comparison with each other; Although the uses and materials used for its construction are different, the geometry is very similar. The comparison of these has allowed us to show similarities and differences, both constructively, formally and structurally. These three-dimensional models also allow us to learn about this heritage, by definition sustainable and adapted to the environment. The dissemination of this vernacular heritage through augmented reality tools facilitates its access, prevents loss of value and increases knowledge about a more sustainable application of the material resources of the environment.

Instituciones: Universidad Católica San Pablo